Over 420 African Americans who were born free during the colonial period served in the American Revolution from Virginia. Another 400 who descended from free-born colonial families served from North Carolina, 40 from South Carolina, 60 from Maryland, and 17 from Delaware. At least 24 from Virginia and 41 from North Carolina died in the service. Over 75 free African Americans were in colonial militias and the French and Indian Wars in Virginia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Although some slaves fought to gain their freedom as substitutes for their masters, they were relatively few in number. By the same token, those who were not serving under their own free will are not included in this list. It was simply not their fight.

While the information on each of the free black veterans of the War for Independence varies, in most cases the author has provided the individual’s name, state and county, unit served in, military theater, some family information, often a physical description, pension applied for or received, sometimes other information, and the source. The case of Isaac Brown of Charles City County, Virginia, is illustrative of many of the descriptions found in the volume:

Isaac Brown was born in Charles City County and enlisted there in the Revolution for 1-1/2 years on 12 September 1780: complexion black, 5’2-1/2″ high, a farmer [Register & description of Noncommissioned officers & Privates, LVA accession no. 24296, by http://revwarapps.org/b69.pdf (p.45)]. He was taxable in Lower Westover Precinct of Charles City County in 1786 [PPTL, 1783-7], head of a Charles City County household of 10 “other free” in 1810 [VA:959] and 4 “free colored” in 1820 [VA:13]. He applied for a pension in Charles City County at the age of 69 on 19 May 1829, stating that he enlisted in Charles City County in the fall of the year 1780 and served in Captain Sanford’s Company in Colonel Campbell’s Regiment for 18 months. He was in the Battle of Guildford Courthouse, the Siege 14 of Ninety Six, and the Battle of Eutaw Springs. He owned 70 acres in Charles City County [NARA, S.39,214, M804, Roll 366, frame 240 of 893; http://fold3.com/image/11713004].

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Volume III contains articles of varying lengths about the following families (names in bold refer to 70 families newly added to 6^th edition): Moore, Mordick, Morgan, Morris, Morrison, Mosely, Moses, Moss, Mozingo, Muckelro, Mumford, Munday, Muns, Murphy, Murray, Murrow, Nash, Neal, Newman, Newsom, Newton, Nicholas, Nickens, Norman, Norris, Norton, Norwood, Nutts, Oats, Okey, Oliver, Otter, Overton, Owen, Oxendine, Page, Palmer, Parker, Parr, Parrot, Patrick, Patterson, Payne, Peacock, Peavy, Pendarvis, Pendergrass, Perkins, Peters, Pettiford, Phillips, Philipson,  Pickett, Pierce, Pinn, Pittman, Pitts, Plumly, Poe, Pompey, Pool, Portions, Portiss, Powell, Powers, Press, Price, Prichard, Proctor, Pryor, Pugh, Pursley, Rains, Ralls, Randall, Ranger, Rann, Ransom, Raper, Ratcliff, Rawlinson, Redcross, Redman, Reed, Reeves, Revell, Reynolds, Rich, Richardson, Rickman, Ridley, Riley, Roberts, Robins, Robinson, Rogers, Rollins, Rosario, Ross, Rouse, Rowe, Rowland, Rudd, Ruff, Russell, Sample, Sampson, Sanderlin, Santee, Saunders, Savoy, Sawyer, Scott, Seldon, Sexton, Shaw, Shepherd, Shoecraft, Shoemaker, Silver, Simbler, Simmons, Simms, Simon, Simpson, Sisco, Skipper, Slaxton, Smith, Smothers, Sneed, Snelling, Soleleather, Sorrell, Sparrow, Spelman, Spiller, Spriddle, Spriggs, Spruce, Spurlock, Stafford, Stephens, Stewart, Stringer, Sunket, Swan, Sweat, Sweetin, Symons, Syphax, Taborn, Talbot, Tann, Tate, Taylor, Teague, Teamer, Thomas, Thompson, Timber, Toney, Tootle, Toulson, Toyer, Travis, Tudor, Turner, Twopence, Tyler, Tyner, Tyre, Underwood, Valentine, Vaughan, Vena/Venie, Verty, Vickory, Viers, Walden, Walker, Wallace, Warburton, Warrick, Waters, Watkins, Watts, Weaver, Webb, Webster,Weeks, Welch, Wells, West, Wharton, Whistler, White, Whitehurst, Whitmore, Wiggins, Wilkins, Wilkinson, Williams, Wilson, Winborn, Winn, Winters, Womble, Wood, Wooten, Worrell, Worsham, Wright, and Young.

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Volume II contains articles of varying lengths about the following families (names in bold refer to 70 families newly added to 6^th edition): Driggers, Dring, Driver, Drury, Duncan, Dungee, Dunlop, Dunn, Dunstan, Dutchfield, Eady, Edgar, Edge, Edwards, Edwell, Edwin, Elliott, Ellis, Elmore, Epperson, Epps, Evans, Fagan, Faggott, Farrar, Farthing, Fears, Ferguson, Ferrell, Fielding, Fields, Findley, Finnie, Fletcher, Flood, Flora, Flowers, Fortune, Fox, Francis, Franklin, Frazier, Freeman, Frost, Fry, Fullam, Fuller, Gaines, Gallimore, Garden, Gardner, Garner, Garnes, George, Gibson, Gilbert, Gillett, Gilmore, Godett, Goff, Goldman, Goodman, Gordon, Gowen, Grace, Graham, Grant, Grantum, Graves, Gray, Grayson, Gregory, Grice, Griffin, Grimes, Groom, Guy, Gwinn, Hackett, Hagins, Hailey, Haithcock, Hall, Ham, Hamilton, Hamlin, Hammond, Hanson, Harden, Harmon, Harris, Harrison, Hartless, Harvey, Hatcher, Hatfield, Hatter, Hawkins, Hawley, Haws, Haynes, Hays, Heath, Hedgepeth, Hewlett, Hewson, Hickman, Hicks, Hill, Hilliard, Hitchens, Hiter, Hobson, Hodges, Hogg, Hollinger, Holman, Holmes, Holt, Hood, Horn, House, Howard, Howell, Hubbard, Hughes, Hulin, Hull, Humbles, Hundley, Hunt, Hunter, Hurley, Hurst, Ivey, Jackson, Jacob, Jacobs, James, Jameson, Jarvis, Jasper, Jeffery, Jeffries, Jenkins, Johns, Johnson, Joiner, Jones, Jordan, Jumper, Keemer, Kelly, Kendall, Kent, Kersey, Key/ Kee, Keyton, King, Kinney, Knight, Lamb, Landum, Lang, Langston, Lansford, Lantern, Lawrence, Laws, Lawson, Lee, Lemon, Lephew, Lester, Lett, Leviner, Lewin, Lewis, Lighty, Ligon, Limas, Linegar, Lively, Liverpool, Lloyd, Locklear, Lockson, Locus, Lomack, Longo, Lowry, Lugrove, Lynch, Lynam, Lyons, Lytle, McCarty, McCoy, McCullum, McDaniel, McGee, McIntosh, Maclin, Madden, Magee, Mahorney, Major, Malbone, Male, Manly, Mann, Manning, Manuel, Marshall, Martin, Mason, Matthews, Maxfield, Mays, Meade, Mealy, Meekins, Meggs, Melvin, Miles, Miller, Mills, Milton, Mitchell, Mitchum, Mongom, Monoggin, and Month.

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Contained in Volume I are articles of varying lengths about the following families (names in bold refer to 70 families newly added to 6^th edition): Abel, Abshier, Acre, Adams, Africa, Ailstock, Alford, Allen, Alman, Alvis, Ampey, Ancel, Anderson, Andrews, Anthony, Archer, Armfield, Armstead, Armstrong, Arnold, Artis, Ashberry, Ashby, Ashe, Ashton, Ashworth, Atkins, Atkinson, Aulden, Avery, Bailey, Baine, Baker, Balkham, Ball, Baltrip, Banks, Bannister, Barber, Barlow, Barnett, Barrow, Bartly/Bartlett, Bass, Bates, Battles, Bazden, Bazmore, Beckett, Bee, Bell, Bennett, Berry, Beverly, Bibbens, Bibby, Biddie, Bilberry,  Bing, Bingham, Binns, Bizzell, Black, Blake, Blango, Blanks, Blizzard, Blue, Bluford, Bolton, Bond, Boon, Booth, Bosman, Bow, Bowden, Bowers, Bowles, Bowman, Bowmer, Bowser, Boyd, Bradby, Branch, Brandican, Brandom, Brandon, Braveboy, Braxton, Brewington, Bright, Britt, Britton, Brogdon, Brooks, Brown, Bruce, Brumejum, Bryan, Bryant, Bugg, Bullard, Bunch, Bunday, Burden, Burke, Burkett, Burnett, Burrell, Busby, Bush, Buss, Butcher, Butler, Byrd, Campbell, Cane, Cannady, Carpenter, Carroll, Carter, Cary, Case, Cassidy, Castella, Causey, Cauther, Chambers, Chandler, Chapman, Charity, Chavis, Church, Churchwell, Churton, Clark, Cobb, Cockran, Cole, Coleman, Collins, Combess, Combs, Connaly, Conner, Cook, Cooley, Cooper, Copeland, Copes, Corn, Cornet, Cornish, Cotanch, Cousins, Cowigg, Cox, Coy, Craig, Crane, Credit, Croston, Cuff, Cuffee, Cumbo, Cunningham, Curle, Curtis, Custalow, Cuttillo, Cypress, Dale, Dailey, Dalton, Davenport, Davis, Day, Dean, Deas, Debaptist,  Debrix, Decoudrey, Demery, Dempsey, Dennis, Dennum, Derosario, Dial, Dixon, Dobbins, Dolby, Donathan, Douglass, Dove, Drake, and Drew.

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Now published in three volumes, and 400 pages longer than the two-volume Fourth Edition, Free African Americans of North Carolina, Virginia, and South Carolina from the Colonial Period to About 1820 consists of detailed genealogies of hundreds of free black families that originated in Virginia and migrated to North and/or South Carolina from the colonial period to about 1820. The families under investigation represent nearly all African Americans who were free during the colonial period in Virginia and North Carolina. Like its immediate predecessor, the Sixth Edition traces the branches of a number of African American families living in South Carolina, where original source materials for this period are much scarcer than in the two states to its north. Researchers will find the names of the more than 13,000 African Americans encompassed by Mr. Heinegg’s genealogies conveniently located in the full-name index at the back of each volume.

Mr. Heinegg’s findings are the outgrowth of 40 years of research in some 1,000 manuscript volumes, including colonial and early national period tax records, colonial parish registers, 1790-1810 census records, wills, deeds, Free Negro Registers, marriage bonds, Revolutionary pension files, newspapers, and more. The author furnishes copious documentation for his findings and an extensive bibliography of primary and secondary sources.

A work of extraordinary breadth and detail, Free African Americans is of great importance to social historians as well as genealogists. This edition traces many families back to their 17th- and 18th-century roots (families like those of humanitarian Ralph Bunch, former NAACP president Benjamin Chavis, and tennis stars Arthur Ashe and Althea Gibson). Mr. Heinegg shows that most of these families were the descendants of white servant women who had had children by slaves or free African Americans, not the descendants of slave owners. He dispels a number of other myths about the origins and status of free African Americans, such as the “mysterious” origins of the Lumbees, Melungeons, and other such marginal groups, and demonstrates conclusively that many free African American families in colonial North Carolina and Virginia were landowners.

Free African Americans of North Carolina, Virginia & South Carolina, From the Colonial Period to About 1820 includes the following family surnames. Names in bold refer to 70 families newly added to the Sixth Edition: Abel, Abshier, Acre, Adams, Africa, Ailstock, Alford, Allen, Allways, Alman, Alvis, Ampey, Ancel, Anderson, Andrews, Angus, Anthony, Archer, Armfield, Armstrong, Arnold, Artis, Ashberry, Ashby, Ashe, Ashton, Ashworth, Atkins, Atkinson, Aulden, Avery, Bailey, Baine, Baker, Balkham, Ball, Baltrip, Banks, Bannister, Barber, Barlow, Barnett, Barrow, Bartly/Bartlett, Bass, Bates, Battles, Bazden, Bazmore, Beavans, Beckett, Bee, Bell, Bennett, Benson, Berry, Beverly, Bibbens, Bibby, Biddie, Bilberry,  Bing, Bingham, Binns, Bizzell, Black, Blake, Blango, Blanks, Blizzard, Blue, Bluford, Bolling, Bolton, Bond, Boon, Booth, Bosman, Bow, Bowden, Bowers, Bowles, Bowman, Bowmer, Bowser, Boyd, Bradby, Branch, Brandican, Brandom, Brandon, Branham, Braveboy, Braxton, Brewington, Bright, Britt, Britton, Brogdon, Brooks, Brown, Bruce, Brumejum, Bryan, Bryant, Bugg, Bullard, Bunch, Bunday, Burden, Burke, Burkett, Burnett, Burrell, Busby, Bush, Buss, Butcher, Butler, Byrd, Campbell, Cane, Cannady, Carpenter, Carroll, Carter, Cary, Case, Cassidy, Castella, Causey, Cauther, Chambers, Chandler, Chapman, Charity, Chavis, Church, Churchwell, Churton, Clark, Cobb, Cockran, Cole, Coleman, Collins, Combess, Combs, Connaly, Conner, Cook, Cooley, Cooper, Copeland, Copes, Corn, Cornet, Cornish, Cotanch, Cousins, Cowigg, Cox, Coy, Craig, Crane, Credit, Croston, Cuff, Cuffee, Cumbo, Cunningham, Curle, Curtis, Custalow, Cuttillo, Cypress, Dales, Dailey, Dalton, Davenport, Davis, Day, Dean, Deas, Debaptist,  Debrix, Decoudrey, Demery, Dempsey, Dennis, Dennum, Derosario, Dial, Dixon, Dobbins, Dolby, Donathan, Douglass, Dove, Drake, Drew, Driggers, Dring, Driver, Drury, Duncan, Dungee, Dungill, Dunlop, Dunn, Dunstan, Durham, Dutchfield, Eady, Edgar, Edge, Edwards, Edwell, Elliott, Ellis, Elmore, Epperson, Epps, Evans, Fagan, Faggott, Farrar, Farthing, Fears, Ferguson, Ferrell, Fielding, Fields, Findley, Finnie, Fletcher, Flood, Flora, Flowers, Fortune, Fox, Francis, Francisco, Franklin, Frazier, Freeman, Frost, Fry, Fullam, Fuller, Fuzmore, Gaines, Gallimore, Garden, Gardner, Garner, Garnes, George, Gibson, Gilbert, Gillett, Gilmore, Godett, Goff, Goldman, Goodman, Gordon, Gowen, Grace, Graham, Grant, Grantum, Graves, Gray, Grayson, Gregory, Grice, Griffin, Grimes, Groom, Groves, Guy, Gwinn, Hackett, Hagins, Hailey, Haithcock, Hall, Ham, Hamilton, Hamlin, Hammond, Handy, Hanson, Harden, Harmon, Harris, Harrison, Hartless, Harvey, Hatcher, Hatfield, Hatter, Hawkins, Hawley, Haws, Haynes, Hays, Hearn, Heath, Hedgepeth, Hewlett, Hewson, Hickman, Hicks, Hill, Hilliard, Hitchens, Hiter, Hobson, Hodges, Hogg, Hollinger, Holman, Holmes, Holt, Honesty, Hood, Hoomes, Horn, House, Howard, Howell, Hubbard, Hughes, Hulin, Humbles, Hunt, Hunter, Hurley, Hurst, Ivey, Jackson, Jacobs, James, Jameson, Jarvis, Jasper, Jeffery, Jeffries, Jenkins, Johns, Johnson, Joiner, Jones, Jordan, Jumper, Keemer, Kelly, Kendall, Kent, Kersey, Key/ Kee, Keyton, King, Kinney, Knight, Lamb, Landum, Lang, Langston, Lansford, Lantern, Lawrence, Laws, Lawson, Lee, Lemon, Lephew, Lester, Lett, Leviner, Lewin, Lewis, Lighty, Ligon, Limas, Lively, Liverpool, Lloyd, Locklear, Lockson, Locus, Longo, Lowry, Lugrove, Lynch, Lynam, Lyons, Lytle, McCarty, McCoy, McCullum, McDaniel, McGee, McIntosh, Maclin, Madden, Magee, Mahorney, Major, Malbone, Male, Manly, Mann, Manning, Manuel, Marshall, Martin, Mason, Matthews, Maxfield, Mays, Meade, Mealy, Meekins, Meggs, Melvin, Miles, Miller, Mills, Milton, Mitchell, Mitchum, Mongom, Monoggin, Month, Moore, Mordick, Morgan, Morris, Morrison, Mosby, Mosely, Moses, Moss, Mozingo, Muckelro, Mumford, Munday, Muns, Murphy, Murray, Murrow, Nash, Neal, Newman, Newsom, Newton, Nicholas, Nickens, Norman, Norris, Norton, Norwood, Nutts, Oats, Okey, Oliver, Otter, Overton, Owen, Oxendine, Page, Pagee, Palmer, Parker, Parr, Parrot, Patrick, Patterson, Payne, Peacock, Peavy, Pendarvis, Pendergrass, Perkins, Peters, Pettiford, Phillips, Philipson,  Pickett, Pierce, Pinn, Pittman, Pitts, Plumly, Poe, Pompey, Pompey, Pool, Portions, Portiss, Powell, Powers, Poythres, Press, Price, Prichard, Proctor, Pryor, Pugh, Pursley, Rains, Ralls, Randall, Ranger, Rann, Ransom, Raper, Ratcliff, Rawlinson, Redcross, Redman, Reed, Reeves, Revell, Reynolds, Rich, Richardson, Rickman, Ridley, Riley, Roberts, Robins, Robinson, Rogers, Rollins, Rosario, Ross, Rouse, Rowe, Rowland, Rudd, Ruff, Russell, Sample, Sampson, Sanderlin, Santee, Saunders, Savoy, Sawyer, Scott, Seldon, Sexton, Shaw, Shepherd, Shoecraft, Shoemaker, Silver, Simbler, Simmons, Simms, Simon, Simpson, Sisco, Skipper, Slaxton, Smith, Smothers, Sneed, Snelling, Soleleather, Sorrell, Sparrow, Spelman, Spiller, Spriddle, Spriggs, Spruce, Spurlock, Stafford, Stephens, Stewart, Stringer, Sunket, Swan, Sweat, Sweetin, Symons, Syphax, Taborn, Talbot, Tann, Tate, Taylor, Teague, Teamer, Thomas, Thompson, Timber, Toney, Tootle, Toulson, Toyer, Travis, Tudor, Turner, Twopence, Tyler, Tyner, Tyre, Underwood, Valentine, Vaughan, Vena/Venie, Verty, Vickory, Viers, Walden, Walker, Wallace, Warburton, Warrick, Waters, Watkins, Watts, Weaver, Webb, Webster,Weeks, Welch, Wells, West, Wharton, Whistler, White, Whitehurst, Whitmore, Wiggins, Wilkins, Wilkinson, Williams, Wilson, Winborn, Winn, Winters, Wise, Womble, Wood, Wooten, Worrell, Worsham, Wright, and Young.

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Details for each Volume can be found by selecting the Volume below. Both print and eBook Volumes can also be purchased separately.

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Details for each Volume can be found by selecting the Volume below. Both print and eBook Volumes can also be purchased separately.

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Migration routes were well established by the end of the 18th century, after county jurisdictions had been carved out and before certain western counties were ceded to the federal government to form the state of Tennessee. For anyone undertaking research in the Tar Heel State, therefore, this North Carolina Genealogy at a Glance (GAAG) explains that genealogical research must start at the county level, going back to 1663 with the formation of Albemarle County. Designed as a quick guide to genealogical research, North Carolina Genealogy Research teaches that the general rule of thumb is to start in Raleigh at the North Carolina Office of Archives and History, which houses original or microfilm copies of most county records.

Genealogical records on the county level are surprisingly complete, and this GAAG focuses on the records found on the county level that will be of most help in your genealogical research: marriage and divorce records, birth and death records, land grant records, probate records, and military records. In each case, tips for further research are included, key publications are cited, and the background of the records is placed in historical context.

A very useful guide for the beginner, North Carolina Genealogy Research also includes a list of the main books for further reference and a list of the principal online resources that are indispensable in genealogical research. In addition, it contains a comprehensive list of North Carolina repositories and their websites, giving addresses and phone numbers as well.

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The taxpayers’ names are listed in a single alphabetical sequence. In all cases they are listed by county of residence and date, and in some cases additional data is supplied. Counting repeat entries for those whose names appear in more than one list, this volume has the names of about 29,000 taxpayers.

The following are the counties covered: Albemarle, Beaufort, Bertie, Bladen, Brunswick, Bute, Camden, Carteret, Caswell, Chowan, Craven, Currituck, Dobbs, Duplin, Gates, Granville, Halifax, Hertford, Johnston, Jones, Martin, Montgomery, Nash, New Bern District, Northampton, Onslow, Orange, Pasquatank, Perquimans, Pitt, Richmond, Rowan, Rutherford, Sampson, Surry, Tyrrell, Warren, Wayne, and Wilkes.

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